About Arimidex
Arimidex is a non-steroidal anticancer drug which is used for the treatment of initial breast cancer and its metastasis in post-menopausal women. Arimidex contains the active ingredient anastrozole, which acts as an aromatase-inhibitor and reduces estrogen levels resulting in the suppressed estrogen-dependent growth of breast tumors. It can also be used in patients whose breast cancer has progressed while taking other anticancer drugs.
In a similar manner to other aromatase inhibitors, Arimidex blocks the production of aromatase, which is an enzyme that produces estrogen in women who have gone through menopause. Since many forms of breast cancer depend on increased estrogen production for the growth of cancerous tumors, Arimidex stops the supply of estrogen to tumors, which can kill the tumors and prevent breast cancer from spreading.
Indication/Usage: The primary indication for Arimidex is the treatment of hormone receptor positive early breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It is used following surgery and with or without radiation. Arimidex is also indicated as a first-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It can also be used as a second-line treatment when other anticancer drugs like Nolvadex and Soltamox fail to control breast tumor growth. Arimidex can be used as mono-therapy or in combination with these drugs.
Anastrozole has been clinically proven to suppress estrogen levels in men, thus reducing symptoms associated with hypogonadism, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and gynecomastia.
Dose, Administration and Dosage forms: Arimidex is available in film-coated tablet formulation. Each tablet contains 1 mg of the active ingredient anastrozole. Its recommended dose is 1 mg once per day, administered orally with or without food. It should be stored at room temperature between 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F).
Mechanism of action: Breast tumor growth is directly proportional to estrogen levels in the human body. Thus Arimidex, containing anastrozole, suppresses tumor growth by reducing the estrogen levels in the body. Arimidex inhibits the synthesis of estrogen by binding reversibly at the aromatase enzyme via competitive inhibition. This binding inhibits the conversion of androgens to estrogens in peripheral and central tissues. This procedure results in suppressing the tumor mass, as well as in delaying tumor growth.
Side-effects and safety profile: The most common gastro-intestinal side-effects reported in Arimidex clinical trials include loss of appetite, diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, nausea, and stomach upset. Other commonly faced non-serious side-effects are body aches, breast swelling, muscle stiffness, swelling of the arms or legs, dry mouth, throat discomfort, weight alteration, cough, sleep problems, headache, dizziness, tiredness, hot flashes, and thinning of hair.
Serious side-effects reported with Arimidex include: trouble breathing, depression, confusion, numbness and tingling in the hands or feet, fainting, vaginal bleeding, abnormal vaginal discharge with bad odor, severe vaginal burning/itching sensations, chest pain, pain in jaw/left arm, slurred speech, weakness on one side of the body, altered vision, bone pain, bone fracture, signs of infection and allergic reactions. Patients experiencing any of the above serious side-effects should seek immediate medical attention.
Warnings/Contraindications:
- Patients who are allergic to anastrozole should not take Arimidex.
- Nursing mothers should not take Arimidex as it is not yet known whether the drug is secreted in breast milk.
- Arimidex, rated as an FDA pregnancy category D drug, may harm an unborn baby. Women who are pregnant or may become pregnant should not take Arimidex.
- Patients should tell oncologists about any current or previous episodes of heart disease, stroke, blood clotting, liver disorders, or cholesterol issues before taking Arimidex.
- Since Arimidex can cause osteoporosis by decreasing bone mineral density, patients should be tested for bone mineral density before and during drug therapy with Arimidex.
|