Chantix

About Chantix

Chantix is a non-nicotine prescription smoking cessation therapy which contains varenicline tartrate as an active ingredient in its formulation. Varenicline tartrate is a partial agonist of nicotine receptors which helps to suppress both cravings and the pleasurable effects of tobacco-containing products. For best results, physicians recommend quitting smoking by the eighth day after starting Chantix. Chantix has been proven in clinical trials to be more effective than other smoking cessation therapies like bupropion and NRTs, though in most of these trials the difference in efficacy was not statistically significant. In some of the clinical trials, Chantix has had a 44% efficacy rate.

The prescription medication Chantix is used to aid an individual when they want to quit smoking. To maximize effectiveness, support and lifestyle changes are often recommended in addition to taking Chantix. This drug is different when compared to other medications that help an individual quit smoking, in that it does not contain any nicotine.

When a person smokes, the nicotine they inhale attaches to nicotine receptors within the brain. When this occurs, the neurotransmitter dopamine is released, which creates a feeling of contentment. Chantix helps a person stop smoking by binding to the nicotine receptors, which prevents nicotine from reaching them. As a result, dopamine is not released, which reduces an individual's desire to smoke.

Indication/Usage: Chantix is indicated for smoking cessation therapy for patients 18-years and older. If patients stop smoking in the first twelve weeks, they may continue Chantix for an additional twelve weeks in order to achieve long-term abstinence. Patients who fail during the initial twelve-week treatment period must be encouraged and motivated for another attempt while being advised to correct factors that may cause failure.

Dose, Administration and Dosage forms: Chantix is available in a 0.5 mg white pill starter pack and a 1 mg light blue pill continuation pack.

The Chantix dosage regimen is as follows:

• Take 0.5 mg once per day from Day 1 to Day 3,
• Take 0.5 mg twice per day from Day 4 to Day 7,
• Take 1 mg twice per day from day 8 to end of treatment.

Chantix should always be taken after meals with a glass of water.

Mechanism of action: Varenicline, the active ingredient in Chantix, is a partial agonist of Α4Β2, Α3Β4, Α3Β2, and Α6 subtype receptors of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Varenicline partially binds to these receptors, partially stimulates the Α4Β2 receptor and partially increases the downstream release of dopamine. Since varenicline releases dopamine at much lower levels than nicotine, nicotine's ability to stimulate the dopamine system is blocked and smokers no longer derive pleasure from the consumption of nicotine.

Side-effects and safety profile: The most common side-effect of Chantix is nausea. Other GI related side-effects are vomiting, constipation, abdominal pains, and flatulence. Chantix may also cause headaches, sleeping issues, insomnia, vivid dreams, nightmares, and taste changes.

Recent studies have shown that Chantix may be responsible for suicidal ideation and behavior, unpredictable behavior, drowsiness and some cardiac effects.

Warnings/Contraindications:

• Chantix may be associated with a minute increased risk of cardiovascular events in cardiac patients. Therefore, cardiac patients who have been prescribed Chantix should be closely monitored.
• Patients should not drive or operate machinery during Chantix therapy.
• Patients with kidney disorder should only be prescribed lower doses of Chantix.
• Since varenicline has not been tested in pregnant women or children less than 18 years of age, this population should not take Chantix.
• Chantix is contraindicated with insulin, asthma drugs, and blood thinners.
• Patients who are allergic to varenicline must not take Chantix.

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